01). A thinner average GCIPL thickness was strongly associated with increasing age (β = -2.87, p = 0.021) and thinner circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (β = 2.87, p &amp;lt; 0.001) in all segments.
GCIPL thickness decreased with age globally and in all segments, even after 75 years of age. Thinner GCIPL was associated with older age and thinner circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer. Age-related changes should be considered when using GCIPL thickness to assess glaucoma and other optic neuropathies characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss.
GCIPL thickness decreased with age globally and in all segments, even after 75 years of age. Thinner GCIPL was associated with older age and thinner circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer. Age-related changes should be considered when using GCIPL thickness to assess glaucoma and other optic neuropathies characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss.To evaluate the concentration of serum cystatin C (CysC) in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) and the usability of the serum CysC concentrations in the follow-up of the disease.
Thirty patients with GO and 30 healthy age-matched volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study. GO was diagnosed based on the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy consensus. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and CysC concentrations were measured in the participants. The serum CysC concentrations were compared between patients with GO and controls. Patients with GO were subdivided into hyperthyroid and euthyroid patients, and their serum CysC concentrations were compared. In addition, the CysC concentrations in hyperthyroid and euthyroid patients with GO were compared separately with those of healthy subjects. Kruskal-Wallis test and Student's t-test were used for statistical evaluation.
The mean serum CysC concentrations in GO patients and controls were 1.04 ± 0.36 and needed to confirm these results.
The serum CysC concentrations in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in healthy subjects. Moreover, hyperthyroid patients had higher serum CysC concentrations than euthyroid patients. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these results.To determine whether contrast sensitivity (CS) can represent photophobia in intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the CS test with and without glare stimulus, and to analyze the factors of IXT affecting CS.
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with basic-type IXT. We compared CS under mesopic and photopic conditions, with and without glare. We compared the difference in CS before and after glare (ΔCS) between mesopic and photopic conditions, and compared CS with glare between patients with and without photophobia. The correlations between the clinical features of IXT and CS were analyzed.
There was no significant reduction in CS at all spatial frequencies by glare stimulus. ΔCS was greater at high spatial frequencies under photopic conditions than under mesopic conditions. The group with subjective photophobia showed lower CS at 10.2 cpd under mesopic conditions with glare. CS showed a negative correlation with stereopsis under both mesopic and photopic conditions, and a pCS, and better fusional ability was associated with higher CS under mesopic conditions. Therefore, the CS test can be considered helpful in evaluating sensory function in IXT.To compare the effectiveness of dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implants for the treatment of diabetic macular edema between phakic and pseudophakic eyes after a follow-up.
A total of 79 eyes in 79 patients with diabetic macular edema who were insufficiently responsive to the previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment and applied intravitreal DEX implant were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their type of lenses pseudophakic (group 1) and phakic (group 2). Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and central macular thickness changes in the two groups were compared.
Group 1 comprised 42 eyes in 42 patients with a mean age of 64.02 ± 3.79 years, while group 2 comprised 37 eyes in 37 patients with a mean age of 64.19 ± 5.08 years. In both groups, best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly with a significant decrease in central macular thickness (p &amp;lt; 0.001). In gnificantly earlier increase in IOP and at higher levels than did the phakic group. In light of these data, we suggest that in patients with pseudophakic eyes, follow-ups for IOP should be stricter and started earlier after intravitreal DEX treatment.To evaluate the prevalence of the prism adaptation response in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) using the short-term prism adaptation test (PAT) and to assess factors associated with prism adaptation response in IXT patients.
A case-controlled retrospective analysis was performed on 113 patients with IXT without prior surgical treatment. Age, sex, visual acuity, refraction, stereoacuity, control scale, type of exotropia, history of occlusion, and presence of accompanying visual symptoms were recorded. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ms-275.html Prism alternate cover test (PACT) was performed with fixation targets at 6 m and 1/3 m. All patients underwent short-term PAT wearing prism glasses that offset the exodeviation previously measured by PACT. After 30 minutes, angle deviation was measured, and patients were classified into either an increase group, which had an increase in deviation ?5 prism diopters after short-term PAT, or a no-change group. Analysis was performed to investigate the clinical factors influencing the increase in exodetients with a small maximum angle of deviation at near fixation to mitigate the vergence aftereffect and show the maximum angle of deviation.To investigate the effects of watching ultra-high-definition television (UHD TV) on subjective ocular fatigue and objective ocular surface indices.
A total of 76 volunteers were recruited for this study. Subjects watched UHD TV for 10 minutes at a viewing distance of 110 cm. Best-corrected visual acuity, refractive errors, tear break-up time, corneal staining grading, conjunctival redness grading by slit-lamp examination, tear meniscus measurement by anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and ocular symptom scores were obtained before and immediately after watching UHD TV. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to participant age (old age group &amp;gt;50 years vs. young age group ?50 years) and dry-eye syndrome (presence vs. absence). The relationship between subjective and objective indices was evaluated.
The mean age of subjects was 39.6 ± 12.4 years. Watching UHD TV induced a decrease in tear break-up time in the non-dry-eye group (p &amp;lt; 0.001) but not in the dry-eye group (p = 0.726).